Basic Types

• bool(true/false)

• string

• int int8 int16 int32 int64 / and uint equivalences, uintptr

• byte(alias for uint8)

• rune(alias for int32, represents a Unicode code point)

• float32 float64

• complex64 complex128

Operators

• := is used to set a new variable without declaring it, like this new_var := 1

• << is used to ...

• %T stands for type

• var var_name var_type declares a variable, var var_name converted_var_type = var_type(var_name) converts the type of a variable, or more simply, converted_var_name := var_type(var_name)

• Numeric Constants

package main

import "fmt"

const (
    // Create a huge number by shifting a 1 bit left 100 places.
    // In other words, the binary number that is 1 followed by 100 zeroes.
    Big = 1 << 100
    // Shift it right again 99 places, so we end up with 1<<1, or 2.
    Small = Big >> 99
)

func needInt(x int) int { return x10 + 1 }
func needFloat(x float64) float64 {
    return x  0.1
}

func main() {
    fmt.Println(needInt(Small))
    fmt.Println(needFloat(Small))
    fmt.Println(needFloat(Big))
}

Functions && Packages

• A Go program starts at package main

• You can import

• An example

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "math/rand"
)

func main() {
    fmt.Println("My favorite number is", rand.Intn(10))
}

• This program is using the packages with import paths "fmt" and "math/rand"

• By convention, the package name is the same as the last element of the import path. For instance, the "math/rand" package comprises files that begin with the statement package rand

• We can see packages as generic functions in C, whereas functions are actually functions that takes variables and return values

TO BE CONTINUED...